{"id":32653,"date":"2026-04-27T12:22:46","date_gmt":"2026-04-27T12:22:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/technical-manuals\/building-analysis\/rigid-links-auto-created-to-support-offset-beams-supported-by-columns\/"},"modified":"2026-06-19T12:37:52","modified_gmt":"2026-06-19T12:37:52","slug":"rigid-links-auto-created-to-support-offset-beams-supported-by-columns","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wiki\/rigid-links-auto-created-to-support-offset-beams-supported-by-columns\/","title":{"rendered":"Rigid Links Auto Created To Support Offset Beams Supported By Columns"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<h1 class=\"toc_anchors\" id=\"Introduction\"><b><span><span class=\"colour\">Introduction&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/b><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/h1>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span class=\"colour\">During modelling<br \/>\nstructures, there may be situation where the beams insertion point is offset from columns<br \/>\ninsertion point.&nbsp; In other words, the beam end node may not coincide exactly with the column node.&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<div><span><span class=\"colour\">In ProtaStructure, as long as beams end node (insertion point)<br \/>\nfalls within the boundary of the column, rigid links will be auto generated to ensure the beam is supported by the<br \/>\ncolumn.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span lang=\"EN-GB\"><span class=\"colour\">We will use a simple model to illustrate this.&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<h1 id=\"Simple_test_model\" class=\"toc_anchors\"><b><span><span class=\"colour\">Simple test model<\/span><br \/><\/span><\/b><\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\" class=\"MsoNormal align-center\"><b><span><span class=\"colour\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<\/span><img decoding=\"async\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"original\" class=\"docsimage\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_06277530587244406\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;width: 307px;height: auto\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-1a0b31b15e3334c741f086ba26b1e661.png\"><span class=\"colour\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<div class=\" align-center\" style=\"text-align: center\"><b><span class=\"colour\">Figure 1<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-AU\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span class=\"colour\">Four simply supported<br \/>\nbeams are created with different end nodes insertion point:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: decimal\"><span><span class=\"colour\">Beam <\/span><b><span class=\"colour\">A <\/span><\/b><span class=\"colour\">&#8211; Both beam end<br \/>\nnodes intersect with column nodes<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: decimal\"><span class=\"colour\">Beam <\/span><b><span class=\"colour\">B <\/span><\/b><span class=\"colour\">&#8211; Both beam end<br \/>\nnodes are at the column edge<\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: decimal\"><span class=\"colour\">Beam<\/span><b><span class=\"colour\"> C <\/span><\/b><span class=\"colour\">&#8211; Beam gridline<br \/>\noffsets from column gridline<\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: decimal\"><span class=\"colour\">Beam <\/span><b><span class=\"colour\">D <\/span><\/b><span class=\"colour\">&#8211; Beam gridline<br \/>\noffsets from column gridline and beam nodes are at the column edge<\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span class=\"colour\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><b><span class=\"colour\">Parameters:<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<table class=\"MsoTableGrid\" border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;border: none;max-width: 100%;height: 80px\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"132\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 177.5px;padding: 0cm 5.4pt;height: 25px\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm;line-height: normal\"><span class=\"colour\">Beam span&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; :<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"85\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 116.5px;padding: 0cm 5.4pt;height: 25px\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm;line-height: normal\"><span class=\"colour\">5m<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"132\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 177.5px;padding: 0cm 5.4pt;height: 25px\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm;line-height: normal\"><span class=\"colour\">Beam self-weight :<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"85\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 116.5px;padding: 0cm 5.4pt;height: 25px\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm;line-height: normal\"><span class=\"colour\">3kN\/m<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"132\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 177.5px;padding: 0cm 5.4pt;height: 25px\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm;line-height: normal\"><span class=\"colour\">Dead Load&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; :<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"85\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 116.5px;padding: 0cm 5.4pt;height: 25px\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm;line-height: normal\"><span class=\"colour\">10kN\/m<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"132\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 177.5px;padding: 0cm 5.4pt;height: 25px\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm;line-height: normal\"><span class=\"colour\">Live Load&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"85\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 116.5px;padding: 0cm 5.4pt;height: 35.25px\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm;line-height: normal\"><span class=\"colour\">30kN\/m<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h1 class=\"toc_anchors\" id=\"Analytical_Model__Results\"><b><span><span class=\"colour\">Analytical Model &amp; Results<\/span><\/span><\/b><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/h1>\n<div><span class=\"colour\">The model is&nbsp;analyzed and the <\/span><u><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/support.protasoftware.com\/portal\/en\/kb\/articles\/post-analysis-ps-2022#Building_Analysis_Analytical_Model\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span class=\"colour\">Analytical Model<\/span><\/a><\/u><span class=\"colour\">&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"colour\">view is accessed to verify the analytical wire-frame created by building analysis.&nbsp;<\/span><\/div>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<\/span><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;width: 940px;height: auto\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-d471f048d0b490f236251e5ef67e793b.png\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_05861659493540472\" class=\"docsimage\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"original\"><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"text-align: center\"><b><span>Figure 2<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span class=\"colour\">With reference to the above analytical view :<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span><span class=\"colour\">The<\/span><b><span class=\"colour\"> <\/span><\/b><span class=\"colour\">blue<\/span> <span class=\"colour\">line is the analytical wireframe of the beams and columns.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span><span class=\"colour\">The<\/span> <b><span class=\"colour\">dark blue<\/span><\/b> <span class=\"colour\">line is a rigid link which is automatically generated in the analysis to ensure the offset beam is supported by the column.&nbsp;<\/span>&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span><span class=\"colour\">The<\/span> <b><span class=\"colour\">red<\/span><\/b> <span class=\"colour\">line is the deflected shape.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span class=\"colour\">For model A, no rigid link is created as the insertion node of column &amp; beam is the same.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span><span class=\"colour\">For model B, the rigid link is created to face of the column since the beam insertion node is at the face of the column.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span><span class=\"colour\">For model C, the rigid link is created out of the plane of the frame to the edge of the column.&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span><span class=\"colour\">For model D, a diagonal rigid link is created from the centroid of the column to the corner edge of the column.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div>\n<div><span class=\"KB_New_Editor_Highlights\" style=\"margin: 10px 0px;position: relative;padding: 10px 10px 10px 40px\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Notes\" data-image=\"contentStyle\" style=\"position: absolute;left: 12px;top: 14px;width: 15px;max-width: 100%\" data-type=\"non-resize\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-105bc5ba6177d1247cd1ad589f82f48b.png\"><\/p>\n<div><span class=\"colour\">As long as the beam node (insertion point) is within the boundary area of the column, these rigid links will be automatically generated, so the the beam is properly connected to the column.<\/span><\/div>\n<p><\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"Frame_Load\" class=\"toc_anchors\" style=\"text-align: left\"><u><span class=\"colour\">Frame Load<\/span><\/u><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/h2>\n<div><span class=\"colour\">The frame load for <\/span><b><span class=\"colour\">G <\/span><\/b><span class=\"colour\">load case is turned to show the total calculated dead load, <\/span><b><span class=\"colour\">G<\/span><\/b><span class=\"colour\"> on the beams. This includes the selfweight &amp; any user-defined uniform load on the beam.&nbsp;<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\" align-center\" style=\"text-align: center\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"original\" class=\"docsimage\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_9156966959316204\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-4c395fb6b98d347d654a0dcccef6ed1d.png\" style=\"text-align: center;padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;width: 857px;height: auto\"><\/div>\n<div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center\" class=\" align-center\"><b style=\"text-align: center\"><span class=\"colour\">Figure 3<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"colour\">There are differences in the frame loads as follows :&nbsp;<br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: decimal\"><b><span class=\"colour\">Beam A &amp; C<\/span><\/b><span class=\"colour\"> :&nbsp; <br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: disc\"><span class=\"colour\">The user-defined UDL of 10 kN\/m is applied to the center-line \/ insertion point of the column.&nbsp; <br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: disc\"><span class=\"colour\">The self-weight of the beam of 3 kN\/m is taken to the edge of the column, which is more accurate.<br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: disc\"><span class=\"colour\">This explains the change or &quot;kink&quot; in frame value at the face of the column, from 10 kN\/m to 13 kN\/m.&nbsp;<br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: decimal\"><b><span class=\"colour\">Beam B &amp; D<\/span><\/b><span class=\"colour\">&nbsp;:&nbsp;<br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: disc\"><span class=\"colour\">Both the user-defined UDL &amp; self-weight of beam is taken to the insertion nodes of the beam ends.&nbsp;<br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: disc\"><span class=\"colour\">Hence there is no &quot;kink&quot; in the frame load along the entire span of beam.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/ol>\n<div><span class=\"colour\">Similarly, frame load for <\/span><b><span class=\"colour\">Q <\/span><\/b><span class=\"colour\">load case is turned on, to show the user-defined live load on the beam (as shown below) :&nbsp;<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center\" class=\" align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"original\" class=\"docsimage\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_6593268907189043\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;width: 898px;height: auto\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-8c4e642682b4740736d8ca102f67367c.png\"><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center\" class=\" align-center\"><b style=\"text-align: center\">Figure 4<\/b><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"colour\">From the above frame load diagram :&nbsp;<\/span><\/div>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: disc\"><span class=\"colour\">As expected, there is no change or &quot;kink&quot; in the Q load frame values. A single value of 30kN\/m is applied between the end nodes of the beam.&nbsp;<br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: disc\"><span class=\"colour\">The only difference is the length on which the uniform load is applied, due to the different insertion point used.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 id=\"Axial_Load\" class=\"toc_anchors\"><u><span class=\"colour\">Axial Load<\/span><\/u><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/h2>\n<div><span class=\"colour\">The axial load diagram due to ultimate load combination<\/span><b><span class=\"colour\"> 1.4G + 1.6Q&nbsp;<\/span><\/b><span class=\"colour\">&nbsp;is turned on as shown below :&nbsp;<\/span><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\" class=\"MsoNormal align-center\"><span><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-2f12f75f25e811af2a620fb7bda0d984.png\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;width: 940px;height: auto\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_5755299246672421\" class=\"docsimage\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"original\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-AU\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"text-align: center\"><b><span>Figure 5<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<div><span><span class=\"colour\">There is difference in the column axial load between the models :&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: decimal\"><span class=\"colour\">The column supporting beam A has equal axial loads as column supporting beam C.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: decimal\"><span><span class=\"colour\">The column supporting beam B &amp; D has the same axial load &amp; is lower than that of A &amp; C.&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: decimal\"><span><span class=\"colour\">This can be explained by referring to the frame loads as shown in figure 3 &amp; 4&nbsp; :<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: disc\"><span class=\"colour\">Column supporting beam A &amp; C has higher axial load as the frame loads are taken from center-line of the column; hence the load length &amp; total load is higher.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: disc\"><span class=\"colour\">Column supporting beam B &amp; D has lower axial loads because the frame loads are taken to the face of column; hence the load length &amp; total load is smaller.<\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 class=\"toc_anchors\" id=\"Moment_M33\"><u><span class=\"colour\">Moment M33<\/span><\/u><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span><span class=\"colour\">The major moment M33 diagram, i.e. in the plane of the frame, due to ultimate load combination<\/span><\/span><b><span class=\"colour\">&nbsp;1.4G + 1.6Q&nbsp;<\/span><\/b><span><span class=\"colour\">&nbsp;is turned on a shown below.&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<\/p>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"original\" class=\"docsimage\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_46444908907940285\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-369d922efdb5821fa05b1c3602278063.png\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;width: 940px;height: auto\"><\/div>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span>&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-AU\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"text-align: center\"><b><span>Figure 6<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span class=\"colour\">There are differences in the moment diagrams :&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: decimal\"><span><b><span class=\"colour\">Model A :&nbsp;<\/span><\/b><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span><span class=\"colour\">T<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\">he bending moment diagram is taken to the centerline of the column which coincides with the beam nodes.&nbsp; <br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span class=\"colour\">This is the simplest center-line wire frame model which will serve as base of comparison.<br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: decimal\"><span><b><span class=\"colour\">Model B <\/span><\/b><span class=\"colour\">:&nbsp; <\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span><span class=\"colour\">The moment values for beam is lower, compared to Model A, because the frame loading length is the face of the column, i.e. shorter &#8211; hence the total load on beam is lower.&nbsp; <\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span><span class=\"colour\">The moment of the column is higher due to additional eccentric&nbsp;moment generated by rigid link.&nbsp; The eccentric moment generated is equivalent to the shear force at the beam end multiplied by the rigid link length.&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span><span class=\"colour\">Note the beam end moment value is not the same as top column moment due the rigid link.&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: decimal\"><span><b><span class=\"colour\">Model C :<\/span><\/b><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span class=\"colour\">The bending moment profile is similar to model A. <br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span class=\"colour\">However, the values are smaller due to the existence of the rigid links &#8211; the analytical model is thus different &amp; not comparable considering additional 3D effect<br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span class=\"colour\">The 3D effect can be seen in figure 4 : Model C is also deflection out of the plane of frame.&nbsp;<br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: decimal\"><span><b><span class=\"colour\">Model D<\/span><\/b><span class=\"colour\"> :&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span><span class=\"colour\">General behavior is similar to Model C, except a diagonal&nbsp;rigid link is created to the corner edge of the column.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span><span class=\"colour\">However, the maximum hogging moment of beam is considerably smaller than Model C, due to the shorter beam length &amp; hence lower total load.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span><span class=\"colour\">The maximum moment in the column is higher due the the longer rigid link, resulting in higher eccentric moment induced by the offset beam.&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 id=\"Moment_M22\" class=\"toc_anchors\"><span><u><span class=\"colour\">Moment M22<\/span><\/u><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/h2>\n<div><span class=\"colour\">Moment M22 is the minor moment of beam, out of the plane of frame.&nbsp; It is also the moment of the column in the other direction, in this case, also out of the plane of the frame.&nbsp;<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"colour\">The M22 moment diagram due to ultimate load combination<\/span><b><span class=\"colour\">&nbsp;1.4G + 1.6Q<\/span><\/b><span class=\"colour\">&nbsp;&nbsp;is turned on a shown below.&nbsp;<\/span>&nbsp;<span><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-d7cca325d200a2ff56db519526e247b0.png\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;width: 940px;height: auto\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_3160802540595742\" class=\"docsimage\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"original\"><\/div>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-AU\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"text-align: center\"><b><span>Figure 5<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span class=\"colour\">With reference to the diagram above :<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: decimal\"><span><b><span class=\"colour\">Beam A &amp; B<\/span><\/b><span class=\"colour\"> :&nbsp;No minor moment induced as the analytical&nbsp;model is fully in a single vertical plane.&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: decimal\"><span><b><span class=\"colour\">Beam C &amp; D<\/span><\/b><span class=\"colour\"> :&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\">There are moment induced in the column with offset beams (Beam C and Beam D) in<br \/>\nminor direction (out of the plane of the frame).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div>\n<div><span class=\"KB_New_Editor_Highlights\" style=\"margin: 10px 0px;position: relative;padding: 10px 10px 10px 40px\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Alert\" data-image=\"contentStyle\" style=\"position: absolute;left: 12px;top: 14px;width: 15px;max-width: 100%\" data-type=\"non-resize\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-32178bc76bd985dae8d1d9c412f937c3.png\"><\/p>\n<div><span class=\"colour\">Users must be aware of this additional eccentric moment generated in the columns with offset beams. <br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"colour\">All moments, eccentric or not,&nbsp; which will be automatically considered in member design.&nbsp;<\/span><\/div>\n<p><\/span><\/div>\n<h1 id=\"Conclusion\" class=\"toc_anchors\"><span><span class=\"colour\">Conclusion&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span class=\"colour\">From the above investigation &amp; result, we can summarize &amp; conclude the following :<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<div><span><b><span class=\"colour\">Model A &amp; B <\/span><\/b><span class=\"colour\">:&nbsp; Model A is preferable to model B due to following reasons :&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: disc\"><span><span class=\"colour\">Model A has no rigid link generated, the same maximum hogging moment in the beam is transferred to the column.&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: disc\"><span><span class=\"colour\">Model B introduced complexity of rigid link unnecessarily &#8211; resulting in lower hogging moment at beam ends.&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: disc\"><span><span class=\"colour\">It is easy to verify model A result with hand calculation &amp; any other analysis program.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: disc\"><span><span class=\"colour\">Model B result cannot be verified using hand calculation due to rigid links. Results can only be verified with other 3D analysis program that is capable of generating rigid links.&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div><span><b><span class=\"colour\">Model C &amp; D<\/span><\/b><span class=\"colour\"> :&nbsp; Model C is preferable to model D due to the following reasons :&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: disc\"><span class=\"colour\">Model C max hogging moment at beam end tallies with moment at the column end.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: disc\"><span class=\"colour\">Model D beam max hogging moment at beam end is much lower than model C, the design will be unconservative.&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: disc\"><span class=\"colour\">Overall Model C results proves to be more reasonable &amp; in-line with traditional assumptions.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div>\n<div><span style=\"margin: 10px 0px;position: relative;padding: 10px 10px 10px 40px\" class=\"KB_New_Editor_Highlights\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Idea\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-1bf50bc2000455c70d906a98909a381c.png\" data-type=\"non-resize\" style=\"position: absolute;left: 12px;top: 14px;width: 15px;max-width: 100%\" data-image=\"contentStyle\"><\/p>\n<div><span class=\"colour\">Generally, it is recommended to have as few axis intersection as possible, to ensure not too many unused nodes are created. <\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"colour\">Model A &amp; C requires less number of axes &amp; hence nodes to be created. As such, a simpler&nbsp;analytical model is created.&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<p><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"KB_New_Editor_Highlights\" style=\"margin: 10px 0px;position: relative;padding: 10px 10px 10px 40px\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Alert\" data-image=\"contentStyle\" style=\"position: absolute;left: 12px;top: 14px;width: 15px;max-width: 100%\" data-type=\"non-resize\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-32178bc76bd985dae8d1d9c412f937c3.png\"><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\"><span class=\"colour\">Rigid links<br \/>\nare not auto-generated for shear walls. Beam insertion must coincide exactly<br \/>\nwith the wall insertion axis.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/div>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\"><\/span><\/p>\n<div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction&nbsp; During modelling structures, there may be situation where the beams insertion point is offset from columns insertion point.&nbsp; In other words, the beam end&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_whitepaper_youtube_videos":"","_whitepaper_youtube_url":"","_whitepaper_youtube_thumbnail":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[174],"whitepaper_topic":[],"whitepaper_product":[],"whitepaper_type":[],"class_list":["post-32653","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","hentry","category-building-analysis"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.9 (Yoast SEO v27.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Rigid Links Auto Created To Support Offset Beams Supported By Columns - Prota Software<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Introduction&nbsp;During modelling structures, there may be situation where the beams insertion point is offset from columns insertion point.&nbsp; 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