{"id":33865,"date":"2026-04-27T13:06:35","date_gmt":"2026-04-27T13:06:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/technical-manuals\/structural-modelling\/how-to-model-a-transfer-beam\/"},"modified":"2026-06-19T12:37:44","modified_gmt":"2026-06-19T12:37:44","slug":"how-to-model-a-transfer-beam","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wiki\/how-to-model-a-transfer-beam\/","title":{"rendered":"How To Model A Transfer Beam"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 10px;padding: 0px;line-height: 20px\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">B<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">efore proceeding with the modelling of the transfer beam, it is important to understand how the physical model translate to an analytical model when building analysis is performed.<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0px auto 10px;padding: 6px 0px 6px 40px;font-size: 14px\">\n<li style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 6px 0px;line-height: 1.7\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">The physical model is what you see on the modelling screen where all members are rendered in 3D according to the actual sizes<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 6px 0px;line-height: 1.7\">\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">The analytical model is a wire-frame model that is created by solver which is actually what is analyzed finally. <\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"> <\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 6px 0px;line-height: 1.7\">\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">The analytical model can be viewed by clicking <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/support.protasoftware.com\/portal\/en\/kb\/articles\/post-analysis-ps-2022\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span class=\"colour\">Analytical Model<\/span><\/a><span class=\"colour\">&nbsp;in&nbsp;Analysis tab.&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div><span style=\"margin: 10px 0px;position: relative;padding: 10px 10px 10px 40px\" class=\"KB_New_Editor_Highlights\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-f8e00bb1a621e4bfa5f7306e23790d68.png\" data-type=\"non-resize\" style=\"position: absolute;left: 12px;top: 14px;width: 15px;max-width: 100%\" data-image=\"contentStyle\" \/><\/p>\n<div><span class=\"colour\"><b>Do not <\/b>use FE Floor Analysis Chasedown for the analysis and design of transfer beam as it is beyond the scope of FE Floor Analysis. Always run Building Analysis.&nbsp;<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"colour\">For more explanation refer :&nbsp;&nbsp;<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/support.protasoftware.com\/portal\/en\/kb\/articles\/article-7-10-2020\">Modelling, Analysis &amp; Design Flowchart<\/a><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><\/span><\/div>\n<p><\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h1 class=\"toc_anchors\" id=\"Physical_Model_Versus_Analytical_Model\"><span class=\"colour\">Physical Model Versus Analytical Model<br \/><\/span><\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 10px;padding: 0px;line-height: 20px\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px\" class=\"size\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">In ProtaStructure, we can visualize all members as single line wire-frame created along the axis or axes intersection:<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0px auto 10px;padding: 6px 0px 6px 40px;font-size: 14px\">\n<li style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 6px 0px;line-height: 1.7\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">A column will be a single line wire frame at the intersection of 2 axes.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 10px;padding: 0px;line-height: 20px\"><span class=\"colour\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px\" class=\"size\"><\/span><\/span><img decoding=\"async\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"best\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_08721493769719313\" class=\"docsimage\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;width: 254px;height: auto\" src=\"https:\/\/desk.zoho.com\/DocsDisplay?zgId=672206093&amp;mode=inline&amp;blockId=m2z6x8be345c77d6548d8b161a65cf527af65\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"best\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_8367977683444938\" class=\"docsimage\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;width: 347px;height: auto\" src=\"https:\/\/desk.zoho.com\/DocsDisplay?zgId=672206093&amp;mode=inline&amp;blockId=m2z6xa7c7992c2d2f4f349932a0b96c0f777a\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 10px;padding: 0px;line-height: 20px\"><span class=\"colour\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px\" class=\"size\"><span><b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/b><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><b>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/b><i>&nbsp; &nbsp;<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class=\"colour\">&nbsp;<\/span><i style=\"font-size: 16px\"><b><span class=\"colour\">Physical Model&nbsp;<\/span><\/b><span class=\"colour\"> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<\/span><\/i><b style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/b><i style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><b><span class=\"colour\">Analytical Model<\/span><\/b><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 10px;padding: 0px;line-height: 20px\"><span class=\"colour\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px\" class=\"size\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0px auto 10px;padding: 6px 0px 6px 40px;font-size: 14px\">\n<li style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 6px 0px;line-height: 1.7\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">A beam is a single wire-frame line along the insertion axis.&nbsp;Hence for the column and beam members to connect properly, they need to meet at the exact axes\u2019 intersection.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 10px;padding: 0px;line-height: 20px\"><span class=\"colour\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px\" class=\"size\"><\/span><\/span><b><img decoding=\"async\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"best\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_03528228388220622\" class=\"docsimage\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;width: 259.5px;height: auto\" src=\"https:\/\/desk.zoho.com\/DocsDisplay?zgId=672206093&amp;mode=inline&amp;blockId=m2z6x447e5c606a484b8b865064fc51a755f4\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_45351880379621545\" class=\"docsimage\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;width: 258.511px;height: auto\" src=\"https:\/\/desk.zoho.com\/DocsDisplay?zgId=672206093&amp;mode=inline&amp;blockId=m2z6x0d552f833ff441edb883380a5792e8c9\" \/><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 10px;padding: 0px;line-height: 20px\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px\" class=\"size\"><span><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><b><span class=\"colour\">&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/b><i><span class=\"colour\">&nbsp;<\/span><b><span class=\"colour\">Physical Model&nbsp;<\/span><\/b><\/i><b><span class=\"colour\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/b><i><span class=\"colour\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><b><span class=\"colour\">Analytical Model<\/span><\/b><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 10px;padding: 0px;line-height: 20px\"><\/p>\n<div>\n<h1 class=\"toc_anchors\" id=\"Transfer_Beam_Supporting_Discontinuous_Column\"><span class=\"colour\">Transfer Beam Supporting Discontinuous Column<br \/><\/span><\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 10px;padding: 0px;line-height: 20px\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">When modelling a discontinuous column supported by a transfer beam, the column should use the same longitudinal axis as the beam to be supported.&nbsp; In the example below :<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: 0px none;max-width: 100%;cursor: pointer;padding: 0px;width: 925px;height: auto\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_8443703029857808\" class=\"docsimage\" src=\"https:\/\/desk.zoho.com\/DocsDisplay?zgId=672206093&amp;mode=inline&amp;blockId=egevp035feb1d5f5c478dbcb00fd2cad834bd\" \/><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span><span class=\"colour\">The transfer beam is modeled using axis 1<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span><span class=\"colour\">The upper column is inserted using intersection of axis 1 &amp; C<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span><span class=\"colour\">The lower column is inserted using intersection of axis 2 &amp; D<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div><span class=\"KB_New_Editor_Highlights\" style=\"margin: 10px 0px;position: relative;padding: 10px 10px 10px 40px\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-image=\"contentStyle\" style=\"position: absolute;left: 12px;top: 14px;width: 15px;max-width: 100%\" data-type=\"non-resize\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-e77b825529870e3777f25cd94fbef653.png\" \/><\/p>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">When viewing the plan view transfer storey, it&#039;s useful to switch on &quot;<\/span><\/span><span><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><i><span class=\"colour\">Display Transfer Columns and Walls on Plan<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">&quot; via&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><i><span class=\"colour\">Visual Interrogation&nbsp;<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">to show the discontinuous columns above the transfer storey. As shown above, the discontinuous columns are shown in a different color (blue) on the plan view of ST01.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">For more information you can refer :<\/span>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/support.protasoftware.com\/portal\/en\/kb\/articles\/how-do-show-transfer-discontinuous-columns-and-walls-on-plan-view\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" style=\"font-size: 13px\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\">How to show transfer (discontinuous) columns and Walls on Plan view<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<p><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">After the analysis, the&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14px\" class=\"size\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><i><span class=\"colour\">Model and Analysis Results Display&nbsp;<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">clearly shows only the upper column is supported as it inserted using the same Axis 1 as the transfer beam.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 10px 40px;padding: 0px;line-height: 20px\"><span class=\"colour\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px\" class=\"size\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"best\" class=\"docsimage\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_8817159772667473\" style=\"border: 0px none;max-width: 100%;cursor: pointer;padding: 0px;width: 185.5px;height: auto\" src=\"https:\/\/desk.zoho.com\/DocsDisplay?zgId=672206093&amp;mode=inline&amp;blockId=egevp1a4bcfcb65f54991aefc3d2d112230c1\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<div><span class=\"colour\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\">To solve this problem, there are 2 alternative :&nbsp;<br \/><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<blockquote class=\"zde_indent\">\n<div>\n<div><span class=\"colour\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\">1.&nbsp; Mark the column as &quot;Transfer Member&quot; in Column Properties &amp; rigid links will be automatically created during the analysis to join the bottom of the column to the transfer beam.<br \/><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"colour\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\">2.&nbsp; Manually create a &quot;dummy&quot; beam to join the bottom of the column to the transfer beam (if auto-rigid link does not work)<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div>\n<h1 class=\"toc_anchors\" id=\"TransferColumns_with_auto_Rigid_Links\"><span class=\"colour\">Transfer&nbsp;Columns with auto Rigid Links<\/span><br \/><\/h1>\n<div><span class=\"colour\">Discontinuous columns &amp; walls must be marked as \u201c<b>Transfer Membe<\/b><b>r<\/b>\u201d in the Properties &gt; Geometry tab, reasons being :&nbsp;<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">The&nbsp;design of beams&nbsp;supporting&nbsp;these&nbsp;transfer&nbsp;members&nbsp;will be correct.&nbsp;<br \/><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">Discontinuity message will not be issued for marked transfer members during the analysis.&nbsp;<br \/><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">Additionally,&nbsp;if transfer&nbsp;columns&nbsp;are&nbsp;inserted&nbsp;on&nbsp;different&nbsp;gridline from that used by transfer beam, the analysis will automatically created during the analysis to join the bottom of the column to the transfer beam.&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">In example model below, transfer column S1 is using the same insertion axis 1 as the beam.&nbsp; Transfer column S2 is inserted using a different offset axis 2.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">A comparison is done with analysis done with &quot;Transfer Member&quot; unchecked and checked (as shown below).&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"target_moving\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-27eab0895d5d493f5e7726e25ce79349.png\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;width: 698px;height: auto\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_20182181148109635\" class=\"docsimage\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"original\" \/><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">After the analysis, the<i>&nbsp;<\/i>Analytical model<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14px\" class=\"size\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><b><span class=\"colour\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">clearly shows the lower column S2 is now supported by the transfer beam via a rigid beam.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div><span class=\"KB_New_Editor_Highlights\" style=\"margin: 10px 0px;position: relative;padding: 10px 10px 10px 40px\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-f7d8f45b6ff98a1f3c20ccd878599982.png\" data-type=\"non-resize\" data-image=\"contentStyle\" style=\"position: absolute;left: 12px;top: 14px;width: 15px;max-width: 100%\" \/><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">The rigid beam is rendered<\/span>&nbsp;as&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"colour\"><b><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\">dark blue<\/span><\/b><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\">&nbsp;<span class=\"colour\">line.&nbsp; The eccentric forces of the offset column will be considered, e.g. there will be additional torsion on the transfer beam due to this offset.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h1 id=\"Support_Offset_Transfer_Column_with_Dummy_Beam\" class=\"toc_anchors\"><span class=\"colour\"><span style=\"font-size: 32px\" class=\"size\">Support Offset Transfer Column with Dummy Beam<\/span><\/span><br \/><\/h1>\n<div><span class=\"colour\">There maybe rare situation where auto rigid is not created despite having &quot;Transfer Member&quot; checked in column properties.&nbsp;<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"colour\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">In this case,&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\">a dummy beam may be created joining the beam insertion axis 1 and the transfer column insertion axis 2 (as shown below) :&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"original\" class=\"docsimage\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_5190671086977641\" src=\"https:\/\/desk.zoho.com\/DocsDisplay?zgId=672206093&amp;mode=inline&amp;blockId=egevpe5cd5cfda8ed440c8e060948ad46e2d4\" style=\"font-size: 20px;border: 0px none;max-width: 100%;cursor: pointer;padding: 0px;width: 981px;height: auto\" \/><\/div>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span class=\"colour\">Click Beam element icon<\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span class=\"colour\">Connect the dummy beam from the transfer&nbsp;beam axis to insertion axis of the discontinuous column<\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span class=\"colour\">The dummy beams may be of any size and will be&nbsp;considered as rigid links to connect the transfer beam and the eccentric discontinuous column.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 10px;padding: 0px;line-height: 20px\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">After the analysis, recheck the Analytical Model, which shows&nbsp;the lower column is now supported by the transfer beam (via a rigid beam) :<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"font-size: 20px;margin: 20px 0px 10px 40px;padding: 0px;font-weight: 500;line-height: 32px\">\n<div class=\"target_moving\" id=\"target_mov_img_0715854191295584\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"best\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_0715854191295584\" class=\"docsimage\" style=\"border: 0px none;max-width: 100%;cursor: pointer;padding: 0px;width: 175.5px;height: auto\" src=\"https:\/\/desk.zoho.com\/DocsDisplay?zgId=672206093&amp;mode=inline&amp;blockId=egevpd2ce797eb7c047b09935cc824c13f294\" \/><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<\/h2>\n<div><span style=\"margin: 10px 0px;position: relative;padding: 10px 10px 10px 40px\" class=\"KB_New_Editor_Highlights\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">The rigid beam is rendered<\/span> as&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"colour\"><b><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\">dark blue<\/span><\/b><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\">&nbsp;<span class=\"colour\">line.&nbsp; The dummy beam has been converted to a rigid beam automatically is it is fully embedded inside the transfer beam. The eccentric forces of the offset column will be considered, e.g. there will be additional torsion on the transfer beam due to this offset.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<h1 id=\"Transfer_Beam_Supporting_Discontinuous_Wall\" class=\"toc_anchors\"><span class=\"colour\">Transfer Beam Supporting Discontinuous Wall<br \/><\/span><\/h1>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 10px;padding: 0px;line-height: 20px\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px\" class=\"size\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">A wall is a single plane along the longitudinal insertion axis.&nbsp;Therefore, for a discontinuous wall to be supported by the beam, both the beam and wall members must share the same longitudinal axis.&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 14px\" class=\"size\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">For transfer wall, these settings must be selected correctly in Wall Properties &gt; <b>Geometry <\/b>tab :&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<blockquote class=\"zde_indent\">\n<div>\n<div><span class=\"colour\">1.&nbsp; &quot;<b>Transfer Member<\/b>&quot; must be checked (similar to transfer column)<\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"colour\">2.&nbsp; &quot;<b>FE Shell Model<\/b>&quot; must be selected for wall analysis type (instead of Mid-Pier)<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div>\n<div><span class=\"colour\">We will use the sample model below to demonstrate the difference in &quot;FE Shell Model&quot; &amp; &quot;Mid-Pier&quot; wall analysis type.&nbsp;<\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 10px;padding: 0px;line-height: 20px\"><span class=\"colour\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px\" class=\"size\"><\/span><\/span><img decoding=\"async\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"original\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_06788086417539652\" class=\"docsimage\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;width: 624px;height: auto\" src=\"https:\/\/desk.zoho.com\/DocsDisplay?zgId=672206093&amp;mode=inline&amp;blockId=m2z6x0ec3ade91b2f4bcd8bb10ac26a56be2c\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 10px;padding: 0px;line-height: 20px\"><span class=\"colour\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px\" class=\"size\"><span><b>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/b><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/b><i>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class=\"colour\"> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<\/span><i style=\"font-size: 16px\"><b><span class=\"colour\">Physical Model&nbsp;<\/span><\/b><span class=\"colour\"> &nbsp; &nbsp;<\/span> &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/i><b style=\"font-size: 16px\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 10px;padding: 0px;line-height: 20px\"><span class=\"colour\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px\" class=\"size\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 10px;padding: 0px;line-height: 20px\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"original\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_7524811478217248\" class=\"docsimage\" src=\"https:\/\/desk.zoho.com\/DocsDisplay?zgId=672206093&amp;mode=inline&amp;blockId=m9ho570e84e13261646d7bad3bb5fe960ecd6\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;width: 250px;height: auto\" \/><span>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><img decoding=\"async\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"original\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_02425932709137868\" class=\"docsimage\" src=\"https:\/\/desk.zoho.com\/DocsDisplay?zgId=672206093&amp;mode=inline&amp;blockId=m9ho5286e9ebdd1be4dcd8cdd49128b821338\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;width: 250px;height: auto\" \/><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span class=\"colour\">As shown in the Analytical Model above, the Mid-Pier assumption will be unrealistic or unreasonable as the transfer wall will exert a point load in the middle of the wall.&nbsp; This inaccuracy will worsen with longer transfer wall.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span><span class=\"colour\">The FE Shell model will give an accurate &amp; realistic result as the transfer wall loading on beam approximate that of a uniform load; as each shell will exert a separate load on the transfer beam.&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div><span class=\"KB_New_Editor_Highlights\" style=\"margin: 10px 0px;position: relative;padding: 10px 10px 10px 40px\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-06c8aa17eb94358e1daf8e6e22c21dba.png\" data-type=\"non-resize\" data-image=\"contentStyle\" style=\"position: absolute;left: 12px;top: 14px;width: 15px;max-width: 100%\" \/><\/p>\n<div><span class=\"colour\">Do not use Wall Model Type as &quot;Mid-Pier wall&quot; for transfer wall. This is because Mid-Pier will transfer the load as a single point load on the transfer beam, which is inaccurate.&nbsp;<\/span><\/div>\n<p><\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h1 id=\"Supporting_Offset_Discontinuous_Wall_with_Dummy_Beams\" class=\"toc_anchors\"><span class=\"colour\">Supporting Offset Discontinuous Wall with Dummy Beams<\/span><\/h1>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 10px;padding: 0px;line-height: 20px\">\n<div><span style=\"margin: 10px 0px;position: relative;padding: 10px 10px 10px 40px\" class=\"KB_New_Editor_Highlights\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-0b34e95037a6b91cc04888b1a0645fd6.png\" data-type=\"non-resize\" style=\"position: absolute;left: 12px;top: 14px;width: 15px;max-width: 100%\" data-image=\"contentStyle\" \/><\/p>\n<div><span class=\"colour\">If the transfer wall is not using the same longitudinal insertion axis as the transfer beam below, it will not be supported, even if &quot;Transfer Member&quot; is checked in wall properties (unlike similar situation for transfer column).&nbsp;<\/span><\/div>\n<p><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span>In such cases, dummy beams must be manually created to connect both ends of the wall to the transfer beam insertion axis.&nbsp; The steps are :&nbsp;<\/span><\/div>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0px auto 10px;padding: 6px 0px 6px 40px;font-size: 14px\">\n<li style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 6px 0px;line-height: 1.7\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">Create ghost axes for the dummy beams.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 6px 0px;line-height: 1.7\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">Connect the dummy beam from the transfer&nbsp;beam axis to the axis of the transfer&nbsp;wall.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 6px 0px;line-height: 1.7\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">Ensure that appropriate intersection points are available for the creation of the wall and beam elements.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 6px 0px;line-height: 1.7\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">The dummy beams may be of any size and will be&nbsp;considered as rigid links to induce the appropriate forces onto the transfer beam.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 10px;padding: 0px;line-height: 20px\"><span class=\"colour\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px\" class=\"size\"><\/span><\/span><img decoding=\"async\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"original\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_5734960032428149\" class=\"docsimage\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%\" src=\"https:\/\/desk.zoho.com\/DocsDisplay?zgId=672206093&amp;mode=inline&amp;blockId=m2z6x975a7f0173f24fa5aff30148edb7bd82\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 10px;padding: 0px;line-height: 20px\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px\" class=\"size\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">As shown in the example model above, the dummy beams will be converted to&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><b><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">rigid link<\/span><\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">&nbsp;during the analysis and will result in :<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">The load transferred from the discontinuous walls to the transfer beam<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">Induced torsional moment to the transfer beam<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"margin: 10px 0px;position: relative;padding: 10px 10px 10px 40px\" class=\"KB_New_Editor_Highlights\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-f8e00bb1a621e4bfa5f7306e23790d68.png\" data-type=\"non-resize\" style=\"position: absolute;left: 12px;top: 14px;width: 15px;max-width: 100%\" data-image=\"contentStyle\" \/> <\/p>\n<div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 16px\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">For further details on transfer wall settings please read this article :<\/span>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><a style=\"font-size: 16px\" href=\"https:\/\/support.protasoftware.com\/portal\/en\/kb\/articles\/how-do-show-transfer-discontinuous-columns-and-walls-on-plan-view#Define_discontinuous_transfer_walls_and_columns_in_ProtaStructure\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Define discontinuous \/ transfer walls and columns<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<h1 class=\"toc_anchors\" id=\"Moment_of_Transfer_Beam_Supporting_Wall\"><span class=\"colour\">Moment of Transfer Beam Supporting Wall<\/span><br \/><\/h1>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%\" src=\"https:\/\/desk.zoho.com\/DocsDisplay?zgId=672206093&amp;mode=inline&amp;blockId=mb8bs621c5850df0d41a695514f301919097e\" \/> <\/div>\n<div>When meshed shearwall are supported by transfer beam, the moment can be displayed in the Analytical Model view as per above snapshot. <\/div>\n<div>This is due to the nature of meshed walls which analyzed as an isotropic elastic plate. This means that the plate can be span horizontally and develop in plane axial forces. <\/div>\n<div>Therefore, the load path in the wall acts as &quot;strut and tie&quot; manner (Truss analogy) as well as in flexure (spanning horizontally) by distributing load directly to supports at its ends and none to the bottom of the beam practically.<\/div>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"best\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_7573862069023409\" class=\"docsimage\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;width: 385.5px;height: auto\" src=\"https:\/\/desk.zoho.com\/DocsDisplay?zgId=672206093&amp;mode=inline&amp;blockId=mb8nv9c257772919c47e297c212c5bab39f4e\" \/> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<div><span style=\"margin: 10px 0px;position: relative;padding: 10px 10px 10px 40px\" class=\"KB_New_Editor_Highlights\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-f8e00bb1a621e4bfa5f7306e23790d68.png\" data-type=\"non-resize\" style=\"position: absolute;left: 12px;top: 14px;width: 15px;max-width: 100%\" data-image=\"contentStyle\" \/><span>In the design, transfer wall will not be specially designed and detailed as &quot;deep beam&quot;.&nbsp; All shear walls will always be designed and detailed as normal shear wall, irrespective of size, height, length and continuity.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div><span class=\"KB_New_Editor_Highlights\" style=\"margin: 10px 0px;position: relative;padding: 10px 10px 10px 40px\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-image=\"contentStyle\" style=\"position: absolute;left: 12px;top: 14px;width: 15px;max-width: 100%\" data-type=\"non-resize\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-e77b825529870e3777f25cd94fbef653.png\" \/><span class=\"colour\">We recommend you read this design guide to understand more about 3D effects of building with transfer beam supporting discontinuous column :<\/span>&nbsp;<b><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/support.protasoftware.com\/portal\/en\/kb\/articles\/3d-effects-of-building-with-transfer-beam-supporting-discontinuous-column\">3D Effects of Building with Transfer Beam Supporting Discontinuous Column<\/a>&nbsp;<\/b>&nbsp;<\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Before proceeding with the modelling of the transfer beam, it is important to understand how the physical model translate to an analytical model when building&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_whitepaper_youtube_videos":"","_whitepaper_youtube_url":"","_whitepaper_youtube_thumbnail":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[185],"whitepaper_topic":[],"whitepaper_product":[],"whitepaper_type":[],"class_list":["post-33865","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","hentry","category-structural-modelling"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.9 (Yoast SEO v27.9) - 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